1 Kev faib cov av stabilizers thiab lawv cov stabilization tshuab
Ntau hom av stabilizers cuam tshuam nrog cov av los ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv, tab sis hauv qhov tseeb, lawv txhua tus txhim kho av lub zog los ntawm kev hloov cov qauv av thiab txhim kho kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm qhov sib ntxiv.
1.1 Inorganic Av Stabilizers
Inorganic av stabilizers feem ntau yog cov hmoov nplej, nrog cov txiv qaub, cement, slag, thiab silicates ua lawv cov khoom tseem ceeb. Thaum cov ntaub ntawv no nkag mus rau hauv dej, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydration tshwm sim, ua cov khoom siv gel xws li calcium sulfate hydrate thiab calcium silicate hydrate. Ib feem ntawm cov gels complex nrog cov ntxhia pob zeb hauv av los khi cov av ua ke, thaum lwm qhov tsim cov pob txha pob txha los ntawm kev sib zog ntawm tus kheej, yog li stabilizing cov av loj.
Tsis tas li ntawd, inorganic stabilizers tso tawm high-valence cations xws li calcium, magnesium, thiab txhuas thaum hydration. Cov cations no tau txais kev sib pauv ion nrog qis-valence sodium los yog poov tshuaj ions nyob rau hauv lub adsorption txheej ntawm av colloids, txo cov thickness ntawm hluav taws xob ob txheej, cuam tshuam cov adsorbed dej zaj duab xis ntawm particle nto, thiab yog li tsis muaj zog txaus ntshai ntawm colloidal particles - txhawb coagulation ntawm cov av hais.
Inorganic av stabilizers kuj muaj ntau nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv raw, muaj kev ua tau zoo, thiab muaj tus nqi qis, uas ua rau lawv xaiv qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua lag luam tam sim no. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv qhov ntau npaum li cas thiab cov nqi thauj mus los cuam tshuam txwv kev txhim kho ntxiv rau qee qhov.
1.2 Organic Av Stabilizers
Organic av stabilizers feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer. Cov qauv macromolecular ntawm cov polymers no muab qhov tshwj xeeb zoo hauv kev txhim kho av lub zog.
Raws li lawv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua, cov organic polymer stabilizers tuaj yeem muab faib ua ionic thiab non-ionic hom. Ionic polymer stabilizers tuaj yeem tsim cov pab pawg them nyiaj los ntawm hydrolysis, ionization, lossis lwm yam kev cuam tshuam, thiab cov pab pawg no txuas cov av ntawm electrostatic attraction nrog them hom hauv av, yog li ua tiav stabilization.
Organic av stabilizers muab cov txiaj ntsig xws li kev siv tsawg, kev thauj mus los yooj yim, thiab kev tsim kho yooj yim. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem ua rau decomposition thiab lawv cov txiaj ntsig ruaj khov tuaj yeem tsis sib haum, yog li xav tau kev txhim kho ntxiv.
1.3 Bio-Enzyme Av Stabilizers
Bio-enzymes av stabilizers feem ntau yog kua, tsim los ntawm fermentation ntawm cov organic teeb meem -feem ntau yog cov concentrated fermentation broths uas yog protein-based multi-enzyme sib tov. Thaum sib cuag nrog av, cov enzymes catalytically hloov cov qauv av ntawm qhov chaw, tsim ib txheej tawv tawv thaum ua ke nrog kev sib txuas sab nraud. Nyob rau hauv cov av loj, bio-enzymes stabilizers nqa hluav taws xob thiab, zoo ib yam li inorganic stabilizers, tuaj yeem hloov pauv ion nrog qis-valence sodium thiab potassium ions hauv cov av colloids, cuam tshuam cov hluav taws xob ob txheej thiab hydration zaj duab xis ntawm cov khoom seem, yog li ua kom lub zog sab hauv.
Bio-enzyme av stabilizers muaj kev xaiv heev txog cov av hom, uas txwv lawv daim ntawv thov mus rau ib qho twg.